MICROBIOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF THE INFECTIONS RELATED TO GRANT OF MEDICARE, DISTINGUISHED IN UKRAINE IN 2023–2024

Abstract

AIM. To analyse the microbiological spectrum of pathogens causing healthcare-associated infections isolated in Ukraine in 2023–2024.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The studied microorganisms’ strains were received by the Laboratory of Diagnostics of Tuberculosis, Bacterial, Parasiticand Particularly Dangerous Pathogens of the State Institution "Center for Public Health of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine" from regional centers for disease control and prevention and health care institutions of Ukraine. Identification of microorganisms was carried out using microbiological analyzers VITEK 2 Compactand MALDI BiotyperSirius.

RESULTS. In 2024, 1593 (2023 – 1454) cultures of microorganisms were isolated and identified from wounds, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and other media. The bacteria belonged to 7 species, namely: K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. faecium, other opportunistic microorganisms.

The largest number of bacterial strains isolated from various biological material is represented by K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa.

CONCLUSIONS. According to the results of the microbiological study, the etiological structure of pathogens of infections associated with the provision of medical care in Ukraine in 2023–2024 was determined. The most common microorganisms that are subject to sentinel epidemiological surveillance for antimicrobial resistance in Ukraine were identified. The largest number of cultures from 130 to 220 came from hospitals in Kyiv 14.4%, Khmelnytskyi 13.9%, Lviv 13.3%, Zaporizhzhia 8.5% regions. Less than 20 cultures were sent by Kherson, Mykolaiv, Zhytomyr, Chernivtsi, Poltava and Sumy regions. Among the cultures studied in 2024, as in 2023, gramnegative microorganisms dominated – 87.7%, grampositive ones made up 12.3%. By species composition, the cultures of microorganisms were distributed as follows: K.pneumoniae – 34.4% (2023 – 35.2%), A.baumannii – 28.0% (2023 – 26.0%), P.aeruginosa – 18.1% (2023 – 19.9%), E.coli – 3.8% (2023 – 5.3%), S.fureus – 9.0% (2023 – 4.5%), E. faecalis – 0.9% (2023 – 0.6%), E. faecium – 1.3% (2023 – 0.6%), others – 4.5% (2023 – 1.8%). By location in the human body, cultures were isolated: from wounds – 72.4% (2023 – 71.9%), from blood – 21.7% (2023 – 18.1%), from cerebrospinal fluid – 3.2% (2023 – 3.6%), from other biological materials – 2.7% (2023 – 6.4%).